I. Alfon, I. Argimon, and P. Bascunana-ambros, What determines how much capital is held by UK banks and building societies? Occasional paper No 22, 2004.

J. Ayuso, D. Perez, and J. Saurina, Are capital buffers pro-cyclical?, Journal of Financial Intermediation, vol.13, issue.2, pp.249-264, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/S1042-9573(03)00044-5

B. Baltagi, Econometric Analysis of Panel Data, 2008.

B. Barber and J. Lyon, Firm Size, Book-to-Market Ratio, and Security Returns: A Holdout Sample of Financial Firms, The Journal of Finance, vol.38, issue.2, pp.875-883, 1997.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1540-6261.1997.tb04826.x

A. Berger, R. Deyoung, M. J. Flannery, D. Lee, and Ö. Öztekin, How Do Large Banking Organizations Manage Their Capital Ratios?, Journal of Financial Services Research, vol.79, issue.2, pp.123-149, 2008.
DOI : 10.1007/s10693-008-0044-5

E. Brewer, G. Kaufman, and L. Wall, Bank Capital Ratios Across Countries: Why Do They Vary?, SSRN Electronic Journal, vol.34, pp.177-201, 2008.
DOI : 10.2139/ssrn.1264914

URL : http://hdl.handle.net/10419/70667

A. Demirgüç-kunt and H. Huizinga, Market discipline and deposit insurance, Journal of Monetary Economics, vol.51, issue.2, pp.375-399, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jmoneco.2003.04.001

E. Fama and K. French, The Cross-Section of Expected Stock Returns, The Journal of Finance, vol.4, issue.2, pp.427-466, 1992.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1540-6261.1992.tb04398.x

M. Flannery and K. Rangan, Partial adjustment toward target capital structures, Journal of Financial Economics, vol.79, issue.3, pp.469-506, 2006.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jfineco.2005.03.004

URL : http://ufdc.ufl.edu/LS00000830/00015

M. Flannery and K. Rangan, What Caused the Bank Capital Build-up of the 1990s?, Review of Finance, vol.12, issue.2, pp.391-429, 2008.
DOI : 10.1093/rof/rfm007

M. J. Flannery, S. H. Kwan, and M. Nimalendran, Market evidence on the opaqueness of banking firms??? assets, Journal of Financial Economics, vol.71, issue.3, pp.419-460, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/S0304-405X(03)00185-5

J. Hlouskova and M. Wagner, The Performance of Panel Unit Root and Stationarity Tests: Results from a Large Scale Simulation Study, Econometric Reviews, vol.25, issue.1, pp.85-116, 2006.
DOI : 10.1016/0304-4076(74)90028-1

G. Gorton and A. Winton, Liquidity provision, bank capital, and the macroeconomy, 2000.

R. Gropp and F. Heider, The determinants of Capital Structure (-13.81)*** (-13.32)*** (-11.97)*** (-5.78), )*** (3.18)*** (2.06)** (2.53)** (2.73)*** (4.96)*** (3.62)*** (4.38)*** (4.53)*** Size -0)*** (6.80)*** (7.52)*** (2.15)** (2.80)*** (2.83)*** (2.97)*** (4.62)*** (5.03)*** Equity * (-8.46)*** (-8.26)*** (-4.03)*** (-3.16)*** (-3.08)*** (-0.19) (1.52) (1.59) (-3.32)*** (-1.76)* (-1, 2010.

. Econ, 79)*** (3.15)*** (3.70)*** (1.11) (1.56) (1.61) (0.92) (1.61) (1.70)* Competition 0, )* (1.87)* (1.60))*** (5.86)*** (4.57)*** (4.54)*** (5.07)*** (5.57)*** (2.94)*** (2.84)*** (2.59)*** (2.28)** (2.12)** (2.39)**)*** (-14.51)*** (-14.86)*** (-4.54)*** (-4.63)*** (-6.92)*** (-6.69)*** Mark)*** (3.42)*** (-1.64) (3.76)*** Liab) (2.77)*** (0.08) (1.43) Intercept