Postpandemic Influenza Mortality of Venovenous Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation–Treated Patients in Reunion Island: A Retrospective Single Center Study

David Vandroux (1, 2) , Hugo Kerambrun (3) , Cyril Ferdynus (3) , Nicolas Allou (3) , Jérôme Allyn (3) , Bernard-Alex Gaüzère (4) , Olivier Martinet (3) , Julien Jabot (3)

1 NET - Neuroépidémiologie Tropicale
2 Service de cardiologie [CHU Limoges]
3 Centre hospitalier Félix-Guyon [Saint-Denis, La Réunion]
4 Centre de Médecine Tropicale René Labusquière

Objectives: The aim of the present study was to assess the post-pandemic mortality of influenza in patients receiving venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV-ECMO) in Reunion Island, France, by comparing the incidence with other patients undergoing VV-ECMO. Design: Retrospective, descriptive, and single-center cohort study. The primary outcome was the standardized mortality ratio for influenza based on the quartiles of the Respiratory Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Survival Prediction score (RESP Score) in the reference population of patients undergoing VV-ECMO. Setting: Intensive care unit (ICU), Felix Guyon Hospital, University Teaching Hospital of La Réunion, La Réunion, France. Participants: Consecutive patients on ECMO with positive polymerase chain reaction for influenza. Interventions: None. Measurements and main results: One hundred twenty-seven consecutive patients were hospitalized in the ICU with a positive influenza polymerase chain reaction from January 2013 to December 2017. Twenty-four influenza patients underwent ECMO including 18 patients with VV-ECMO. During this period, 72 patients requiring VV-ECMO were hospitalized in the ICU. The overall mortality rate of influenza patients on VV-ECMO was 61% versus 46% for non-influenza patients. The standardized mortality ratio per quartile of RESP Score was 1.28 (95% confidence interval 0.61-2.35). Conclusions: In Reunion, the mortality of patients undergoing VV-ECMO for severe influenza is not lower than the expected mortality of all patients undergoing VV-ECMO.

Mots clés: Influenza; Reunion Island France; ECMO; venovenous ECMO; postpandemic; ICU

Domaines: Santé publique et épidémiologie

David Vandroux, Hugo Kerambrun, Cyril Ferdynus, Nicolas Allou, Jérôme Allyn, et al.. Postpandemic Influenza Mortality of Venovenous Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation–Treated Patients in Reunion Island: A Retrospective Single Center Study. Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia, 2020, 34 (6), pp.1426-1430. ⟨10.1053/j.jvca.2019.12.043⟩. ⟨hal-03404404⟩